.. _dev-quickstart:

=====================
Developer Quick-Start
=====================

This is a quick walkthrough to get you started developing code for Ironic.
This assumes you are already familiar with submitting code reviews to
an OpenStack project.

The gate currently runs the unit tests under Python 2.7, Python 3.4
and Python 3.5. It is strongly encouraged to run the unit tests locally prior
to submitting a patch.

.. note::
    Do not run unit tests on the same environment as devstack due to
    conflicting configuration with system dependencies.

.. note::
    This document is compatible with Python (3.5), Ubuntu (16.04) and Fedora (23).

.. seealso::

    http://docs.openstack.org/infra/manual/developers.html#development-workflow

Install prerequisites for python 2.7:

- Ubuntu/Debian::

    sudo apt-get install build-essential python-dev libssl-dev python-pip libmysqlclient-dev libxml2-dev libxslt-dev libpq-dev git git-review libffi-dev gettext ipmitool psmisc graphviz libjpeg-dev

- Fedora 21/RHEL7/CentOS7::

    sudo yum install python-devel openssl-devel python-pip mysql-devel libxml2-devel libxslt-devel postgresql-devel git git-review libffi-devel gettext ipmitool psmisc graphviz gcc libjpeg-turbo-devel

  If using RHEL and yum reports "No package python-pip available" and "No
  package git-review available", use the EPEL software repository.
  Instructions can be found at `<https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL/FAQ#howtouse>`_.

- Fedora 22 or higher::

    sudo dnf install python-devel openssl-devel python-pip mysql-devel libxml2-devel libxslt-devel postgresql-devel git git-review libffi-devel gettext ipmitool psmisc graphviz gcc libjpeg-turbo-devel

  Additionally, if using Fedora 23, ``redhat-rpm-config`` package should be
  installed so that development virtualenv can be built successfully.

- openSUSE/SLE 12::

    sudo zypper install git git-review libffi-devel libmysqlclient-devel libopenssl-devel libxml2-devel libxslt-devel postgresql-devel python-devel python-nose python-pip gettext-runtime psmisc

  Graphviz is only needed for generating the state machine diagram. To install it
  on openSUSE or SLE 12, see
  `<https://software.opensuse.org/download.html?project=graphics&package=graphviz-plugins>`_.


If you need Python 3.4, follow the instructions above to install prerequisites for 2.7 and
additionally install the following packages:

- On Ubuntu 14.x/Debian::

    sudo apt-get install python3-dev

- On Ubuntu 16.04::

    wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.4.4/Python-3.4.4.tgz
    sudo tar xzf Python-3.4.4.tgz
    cd Python-3.4.4
    sudo ./configure
    sudo make altinstall

    # This will install Python 3.4 without replacing 3.5. To check if 3.4 was installed properly
    run this command:

    python3.4 -V

- On Fedora 21/RHEL7/CentOS7::

    sudo yum install python3-devel

- On Fedora 22 and higher::

    sudo dnf install python3-devel

If you need Python 3.5, follow the instructions for installing prerequisites for Python 2.7 and
run the following commands.

- On Ubuntu 14.04::

    wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.5.2/Python-3.5.2.tgz
    sudo tar xzf Python-3.5.2.tgz
    cd Python-3.5.2
    sudo ./configure
    sudo make altinstall

    # This will install Python 3.5 without replacing 3.4. To check if 3.5 was installed properly
    run this command:

    python3.5 -V

- On Fedora 23::

    sudo dnf install -y dnf-plugins-core
    sudo dnf copr enable -y mstuchli/Python3.5
    dnf install -y python35-python3


If your distro has at least tox 1.8, use similar command to install
``python-tox`` package. Otherwise install this on all distros::

    sudo pip install -U tox


You may need to explicitly upgrade virtualenv if you've installed the one
from your OS distribution and it is too old (tox will complain). You can
upgrade it individually, if you need to::

    sudo pip install -U virtualenv

Ironic source code should be pulled directly from git::

    # from your home or source directory
    cd ~
    git clone https://git.openstack.org/openstack/ironic
    cd ironic

Set up a local environment for development and testing should be done with tox,
for example::

    # create a virtualenv for development
    tox -evenv --notest

All unit tests should be run using tox. To run Ironic's entire test suite::

    # run all tests (unit under both py27 and py34, and pep8)
    tox

To run the unit tests under py34 and also run the pep8 tests::

    # run all tests (unit under py34 and pep8)
    tox -epy34 -epep8

To run the unit tests under py27 and also run the pep8 tests::

    # run all tests (unit under py27 and pep8)
    tox -epy27 -epep8

.. note::
    If tests are run under py27 and then run under py34 or py35 the following error may occur::

      db type could not be determined
      ERROR: InvocationError: '/home/ubuntu/ironic/.tox/py35/bin/ostestr'

    To overcome this error remove the file `.testrepository/times.dbm`
    and then run the py34 or py35 test.

You may pass options to the test programs using positional arguments.
To run a specific unit test, this passes the -r option and desired test
(regex string) to `os-testr <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/os-testr>`_::

    # run a specific test for Python 2.7
    tox -epy27 -- -r test_conductor

To run only the pep8/flake8 syntax and style checks::

    tox -epep8

Debugging unit tests
--------------------

In order to break into the debugger from a unit test we need to insert
a breaking point to the code:

.. code-block:: python

  import pdb; pdb.set_trace()

Then run ``tox`` with the debug environment as one of the following::

  tox -e debug
  tox -e debug test_file_name
  tox -e debug test_file_name.TestClass
  tox -e debug test_file_name.TestClass.test_name

For more information see the `oslotest documentation
<http://docs.openstack.org/developer/oslotest/features.html#debugging-with-oslo-debug-helper>`_.

===============================
Exercising the Services Locally
===============================

If you would like to exercise the Ironic services in isolation within a local
virtual environment, you can do this without starting any other OpenStack
services. For example, this is useful for rapidly prototyping and debugging
interactions over the RPC channel, testing database migrations, and so forth.

Step 1: System Dependencies
---------------------------

There are two ways you may use to install the required system dependencies:
Manually, or by using the included Vagrant file.

Option 1: Manual Install
########################

#. Install a few system prerequisites::

    # install rabbit message broker
    # Ubuntu/Debian:
    sudo apt-get install rabbitmq-server

    # Fedora 21/RHEL7/CentOS7:
    sudo yum install rabbitmq-server
    sudo systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service

    # Fedora 22 or higher:
    sudo dnf install rabbitmq-server
    sudo systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service

    # openSUSE/SLE 12:
    sudo zypper install rabbitmq-server
    sudo systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service

    # optionally, install mysql-server

    # Ubuntu/Debian:
    # sudo apt-get install mysql-server

    # Fedora 21/RHEL7/CentOS7:
    # sudo yum install mariadb mariadb-server
    # sudo systemctl start mariadb.service

    # Fedora 22 or higher:
    # sudo dnf install mariadb mariadb-server
    # sudo systemctl start mariadb.service

    # openSUSE/SLE 12:
    # sudo zypper install mariadb
    # sudo systemctl start mysql.service

#. Clone the ``Ironic`` repository and install it within a virtualenv::

    # activate the virtualenv
    cd ~
    git clone https://git.openstack.org/openstack/ironic
    cd ironic
    tox -evenv --notest
    source .tox/venv/bin/activate

    # install ironic within the virtualenv
    python setup.py develop

#. Create a configuration file within the ironic source directory::

    # copy sample config and modify it as necessary
    cp etc/ironic/ironic.conf.sample etc/ironic/ironic.conf.local

    # disable auth since we are not running keystone here
    sed -i "s/#auth_strategy = keystone/auth_strategy = noauth/" etc/ironic/ironic.conf.local

    # Use the 'fake_ipmitool' test driver
    sed -i "s/#enabled_drivers = pxe_ipmitool/enabled_drivers = fake_ipmitool/" etc/ironic/ironic.conf.local

    # set a fake host name [useful if you want to test multiple services on the same host]
    sed -i "s/#host = .*/host = test-host/" etc/ironic/ironic.conf.local

    # turn off the periodic sync_power_state task, to avoid getting NodeLocked exceptions
    sed -i "s/#sync_power_state_interval = 60/sync_power_state_interval = -1/" etc/ironic/ironic.conf.local

#. Initialize the ironic database (optional)::

    # ironic defaults to storing data in ./ironic/ironic.sqlite

    # If using MySQL, you need to create the initial database
    mysql -u root -pMYSQL_ROOT_PWD -e "create schema ironic"

    # and switch the DB connection from sqlite to something else, eg. mysql
    sed -i "s/#connection = .*/connection = mysql\+pymysql:\/\/root:MYSQL_ROOT_PWD@localhost\/ironic/" etc/ironic/ironic.conf.local

At this point, you can continue to Step 2.

Option 2: Vagrant, VirtualBox, and Ansible
##########################################

This option requires `virtualbox <https://www.virtualbox.org>`_,
`vagrant <https://www.vagrantup.com>`_, and
`ansible <https://www.ansible.com>`_. You may install these using your
favorite package manager, or by downloading from the provided links.

Next, run vagrant::

    vagrant up

This will create a VM available to your local system at `192.168.99.11`,
will install all the necessary service dependencies,
and configure some default users. It will also generate
`./etc/ironic/ironic.conf.local` preconfigured for local dev work.
We recommend you compare and familiarize yourself with the settings in
`./etc/ironic/ironic.conf.sample` so you can adjust it to meet your own needs.

Step 2: Start the API
---------------------
#. Activate the virtual environment created in the previous section to run
   the API::

    # switch to the ironic source (Not necessary if you followed Option 1)
    cd ironic

    # activate the virtualenv
    source .tox/venv/bin/activate

    # install ironic within the virtualenv
    python setup.py develop

    # This creates the database tables.
    ironic-dbsync --config-file etc/ironic/ironic.conf.local create_schema

#. Start the API service in debug mode and watch its output::

    # start the API service
    ironic-api -v -d --config-file etc/ironic/ironic.conf.local


Step 3: Install the Client
--------------------------
#. Clone the ``python-ironicclient`` repository and install it within a
   virtualenv::

    # from your home or source directory
    cd ~
    git clone https://git.openstack.org/openstack/python-ironicclient
    cd python-ironicclient
    tox -evenv --notest
    source .tox/venv/bin/activate

#. Export some ENV vars so the client will connect to the local services
   that you'll start in the next section::

    export OS_AUTH_TOKEN=fake-token
    export IRONIC_URL=http://localhost:6385/


Step 4: Start the Conductor Service
-----------------------------------
Open one more window (or screen session), again activate the venv, and then
start the conductor service and watch its output::

    # activate the virtualenv
    cd ironic
    source .tox/venv/bin/activate

    # start the conductor service
    ironic-conductor -v -d --config-file etc/ironic/ironic.conf.local

You should now be able to interact with Ironic via the python client (installed
in Step 3) and observe both services' debug outputs in the other two
windows. This is a good way to test new features or play with the functionality
without necessarily starting DevStack.

To get started, list the available commands and resources::

    # get a list of available commands
    ironic help

    # get the list of drivers currently supported by the available conductor(s)
    ironic driver-list

    # get a list of nodes (should be empty at this point)
    ironic node-list

Here is an example walkthrough of creating a node::

    MAC="aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff"   # replace with the MAC of a data port on your node
    IPMI_ADDR="1.2.3.4"       # replace with a real IP of the node BMC
    IPMI_USER="admin"         # replace with the BMC's user name
    IPMI_PASS="pass"          # replace with the BMC's password

    # enroll the node with the "fake" deploy driver and the "ipmitool" power driver
    # Note that driver info may be added at node creation time with "-i"
    NODE=$(ironic node-create -d fake_ipmitool -i ipmi_address=$IPMI_ADDR -i ipmi_username=$IPMI_USER | grep ' uuid ' | awk '{print $4}')

    # driver info may also be added or updated later on
    ironic node-update $NODE add driver_info/ipmi_password=$IPMI_PASS

    # add a network port
    ironic port-create -n $NODE -a $MAC

    # view the information for the node
    ironic node-show $NODE

    # request that the node's driver validate the supplied information
    ironic node-validate $NODE

    # you have now enrolled a node sufficiently to be able to control
    # its power state from ironic!
    ironic node-set-power-state $NODE on

If you make some code changes and want to test their effects, install
again with "python setup.py develop", stop the services with Ctrl-C,
and restart them.

==============================
Deploying Ironic with DevStack
==============================

DevStack may be configured to deploy Ironic, setup Nova to use the Ironic
driver and provide hardware resources (network, baremetal compute nodes)
using a combination of OpenVSwitch and libvirt.  It is highly recommended
to deploy on an expendable virtual machine and not on your personal work
station.  Deploying Ironic with DevStack requires a machine running Ubuntu
14.04 (or later) or Fedora 20 (or later).

.. seealso::

    http://docs.openstack.org/developer/devstack/

Devstack will no longer create the user 'stack' with the desired
permissions, but does provide a script to perform the task::

    git clone https://git.openstack.org/openstack-dev/devstack.git devstack
    sudo ./devstack/tools/create-stack-user.sh

Switch to the stack user and clone DevStack::

    sudo su - stack
    git clone https://git.openstack.org/openstack-dev/devstack.git devstack

Create devstack/local.conf with minimal settings required to enable Ironic.
You can use either of two drivers for deploy: agent\_\* or pxe\_\*, see :ref:`IPA`
for explanation. An example local.conf that enables both types of drivers
and uses the ``agent_ipmitool`` driver by default::

    cd devstack
    cat >local.conf <<END
    [[local|localrc]]
    # Credentials
    ADMIN_PASSWORD=password
    DATABASE_PASSWORD=password
    RABBIT_PASSWORD=password
    SERVICE_PASSWORD=password
    SERVICE_TOKEN=password
    SWIFT_HASH=password
    SWIFT_TEMPURL_KEY=password

    # Enable Ironic plugin
    enable_plugin ironic git://git.openstack.org/openstack/ironic

    # Enable Neutron which is required by Ironic and disable nova-network.
    disable_service n-net
    disable_service n-novnc
    enable_service q-svc
    enable_service q-agt
    enable_service q-dhcp
    enable_service q-l3
    enable_service q-meta
    enable_service neutron

    # Enable Swift for agent_* drivers
    enable_service s-proxy
    enable_service s-object
    enable_service s-container
    enable_service s-account

    # Disable Horizon
    disable_service horizon

    # Disable Heat
    disable_service heat h-api h-api-cfn h-api-cw h-eng

    # Disable Cinder
    disable_service cinder c-sch c-api c-vol

    # Swift temp URL's are required for agent_* drivers.
    SWIFT_ENABLE_TEMPURLS=True

    # Create 3 virtual machines to pose as Ironic's baremetal nodes.
    IRONIC_VM_COUNT=3
    IRONIC_VM_SSH_PORT=22
    IRONIC_BAREMETAL_BASIC_OPS=True
    DEFAULT_INSTANCE_TYPE=baremetal

    # Enable Ironic drivers.
    IRONIC_ENABLED_DRIVERS=fake,agent_ssh,agent_ipmitool,pxe_ssh,pxe_ipmitool

    # Change this to alter the default driver for nodes created by devstack.
    # This driver should be in the enabled list above.
    IRONIC_DEPLOY_DRIVER=agent_ipmitool

    # The parameters below represent the minimum possible values to create
    # functional nodes.
    IRONIC_VM_SPECS_RAM=1024
    IRONIC_VM_SPECS_DISK=10

    # Size of the ephemeral partition in GB. Use 0 for no ephemeral partition.
    IRONIC_VM_EPHEMERAL_DISK=0

    # To build your own IPA ramdisk from source, set this to True
    IRONIC_BUILD_DEPLOY_RAMDISK=False

    VIRT_DRIVER=ironic

    # By default, DevStack creates a 10.0.0.0/24 network for instances.
    # If this overlaps with the hosts network, you may adjust with the
    # following.
    NETWORK_GATEWAY=10.1.0.1
    FIXED_RANGE=10.1.0.0/24
    FIXED_NETWORK_SIZE=256

    # Log all output to files
    LOGFILE=$HOME/devstack.log
    LOGDIR=$HOME/logs
    IRONIC_VM_LOG_DIR=$HOME/ironic-bm-logs

    END

.. note::
    Git protocol requires access to port 9418, which is not a standard port that
    corporate firewalls always allow. If you are behind a firewall or on a proxy that
    blocks Git protocol, modify the ``enable_plugin`` line to use ``https://`` instead
    of ``git://`` and add ``GIT_BASE=https://git.openstack.org`` to the credentials::

      GIT_BASE=https://git.openstack.org

      # Enable Ironic plugin
      enable_plugin ironic https://git.openstack.org/openstack/ironic

.. note::
    The agent_ssh and pxe_ssh drivers are being deprecated in favor of the
    more production-like agent_ipmitool and pxe_ipmitool drivers. When a
    \*_ipmitool driver is set and IRONIC_IS_HARDWARE variable is false devstack
    will automatically set up `VirtualBMC <https://github.com/openstack/virtualbmc>`_
    to control the power state of the virtual baremetal nodes.

.. note::
    When running QEMU as non-root user (e.g. ``qemu`` on Fedora or ``libvirt-qemu`` on Ubuntu),
    make sure ``IRONIC_VM_LOG_DIR`` points to a directory where QEMU will be able to write.
    You can verify this with, for example::

      # on Fedora
      sudo -u qemu touch $HOME/ironic-bm-logs/test.log
      # on Ubuntu
      sudo -u libvirt-qemu touch $HOME/ironic-bm-logs/test.log

.. note::
    To check out an in-progress patch for testing, you can add a Git ref to the ``enable_plugin`` line. For instance::

      enable_plugin ironic git://git.openstack.org/openstack/ironic refs/changes/46/295946/15

    For a patch in review, you can find the ref to use by clicking the
    "Download" button in Gerrit. You can also specify a different git repo, or
    a branch or tag::

      enable_plugin ironic https://github.com/openstack/ironic stable/kilo

    For more details, see the
    `devstack plugin interface documentation
    <http://docs.openstack.org/developer/devstack/plugins.html#plugin-interface>`_.

Run stack.sh::

    ./stack.sh

Source credentials, create a key, and spawn an instance::

    source ~/devstack/openrc

    # query the image id of the default cirros image
    image=$(openstack image show $DEFAULT_IMAGE_NAME -f value -c id)

    # create keypair
    ssh-keygen
    nova keypair-add default --pub-key ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

    # spawn instance
    nova boot --flavor baremetal --image $image --key-name default testing

.. note::
    Because devstack create multiple networks, we need to pass an additional parameter
    ``--nic net-id`` to the nova boot command when using the admin account, for example::

      net_id=$(neutron net-list | egrep "$PRIVATE_NETWORK_NAME"'[^-]' | awk '{ print $2 }')

      nova boot --flavor baremetal --nic net-id=$net_id --image $image --key-name default testing

As the demo tenant, you should now see a Nova instance building::

    nova list
    +--------------------------------------+---------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+
    | ID                                   | Name    | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
    +--------------------------------------+---------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+
    | a2c7f812-e386-4a22-b393-fe1802abd56e | testing | BUILD  | spawning   | NOSTATE     |          |
    +--------------------------------------+---------+--------+------------+-------------+----------+

Nova will be interfacing with Ironic conductor to spawn the node.  On the
Ironic side, you should see an Ironic node associated with this Nova instance.
It should be powered on and in a 'wait call-back' provisioning state::

    # Note that 'ironic' calls must be made with admin credentials
    . ~/devstack/openrc admin admin
    ironic node-list
    +--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------+
    | UUID                                 | Instance UUID                        | Power State | Provisioning State |
    +--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------+
    | 9e592cbe-e492-4e4f-bf8f-4c9e0ad1868f | None                                 | power off   | None               |
    | ec0c6384-cc3a-4edf-b7db-abde1998be96 | None                                 | power off   | None               |
    | 4099e31c-576c-48f8-b460-75e1b14e497f | a2c7f812-e386-4a22-b393-fe1802abd56e | power on    | wait call-back     |
    +--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------+

At this point, Ironic conductor has called to libvirt via SSH to power on a
virtual machine, which will PXE + TFTP boot from the conductor node and
progress through the Ironic provisioning workflow.  One libvirt domain should
be active now::

    sudo virsh list --all
     Id    Name                           State
    ----------------------------------------------------
     2     baremetalbrbm_2                running
     -     baremetalbrbm_0                shut off
     -     baremetalbrbm_1                shut off

This provisioning process may take some time depending on the performance of
the host system, but Ironic should eventually show the node as having an
'active' provisioning state::

    ironic node-list
    +--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------+
    | UUID                                 | Instance UUID                        | Power State | Provisioning State |
    +--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------+
    | 9e592cbe-e492-4e4f-bf8f-4c9e0ad1868f | None                                 | power off   | None               |
    | ec0c6384-cc3a-4edf-b7db-abde1998be96 | None                                 | power off   | None               |
    | 4099e31c-576c-48f8-b460-75e1b14e497f | a2c7f812-e386-4a22-b393-fe1802abd56e | power on    | active             |
    +--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+-------------+--------------------+

This should also be reflected in the Nova instance state, which at this point
should be ACTIVE, Running and an associated private IP::

    # Note that 'nova' calls must be made with the credentials of the demo tenant
    . ~/devstack/openrc demo demo
    nova list
    +--------------------------------------+---------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------+
    | ID                                   | Name    | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks         |
    +--------------------------------------+---------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------+
    | a2c7f812-e386-4a22-b393-fe1802abd56e | testing | ACTIVE | -          | Running     | private=10.1.0.4 |
    +--------------------------------------+---------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------+

The server should now be accessible via SSH::

    ssh cirros@10.1.0.4
    $

=====================
Running Tempest tests
=====================

After `Deploying Ironic with DevStack`_ one might want to run integration
tests against the running cloud. The Tempest project is the project that
offers an integration test suite for OpenStack.

First, navigate to Tempest directory::

  cd /opt/stack/tempest

To run all tests from the `Ironic plugin
<https://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/ironic/tree/ironic_tempest_plugin?h=master>`_,
execute the following command::

  tox -e all-plugin -- ironic

To limit the amount of tests that you would like to run, you can use
a regex. For instance, to limit the run to a single test file, the
following command can be used::

  tox -e all-plugin -- ironic_tempest_plugin.tests.scenario.test_baremetal_basic_ops


Debugging Tempest tests
-----------------------

It is sometimes useful to step through the test code, line by line,
especially when the error output is vague. This can be done by
running the tests in debug mode and using a debugger such as `pdb
<https://docs.python.org/2/library/pdb.html>`_.

For example, after editing the *test_baremetal_basic_ops* file and
setting up the pdb traces you can invoke the ``run_tempest.sh`` script
in the Tempest directory with the following parameters::

  ./run_tempest.sh -N -d ironic_tempest_plugin.tests.scenario.test_baremetal_basic_ops

* The *-N* parameter tells the script to run the tests in the local
  environment (without a virtualenv) so it can find the Ironic tempest
  plugin.

* The *-d* parameter enables the debug mode, allowing it to be used
  with pdb.

For more information about the supported parameters see::

  ./run_tempest.sh --help

.. note::
   Always be careful when running debuggers in time sensitive code,
   they may cause timeout errors that weren't there before.

================================
Building developer documentation
================================

If you would like to build the documentation locally, eg. to test your
documentation changes before uploading them for review, run these
commands to build the documentation set:

- On your local machine::

    # activate your development virtualenv
    source .tox/venv/bin/activate

    # build the docs
    tox -edocs

    #Now use your browser to open the top-level index.html located at:

    ironic/doc/build/html/index.html


- On a remote machine::

    # Go to the directory that contains the docs
    cd ~/ironic/doc/source/

    # Build the docs
    tox -edocs

    # Change directory to the newly built HTML files
    cd ~/ironic/doc/build/html/

    # Create a server using python on port 8000
    python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8000

    #Now use your browser to open the top-level index.html located at:

    http://your_ip:8000

